---
title: "Aircraft of the world: Airbus, Boeing, COMAC and Russian aircraft — OnlyPlanes"
description: "Aircraft from Airbus, Boeing, COMAC and Russian manufacturers: company histories, engineering and a model catalogue with specifications, range and capacity."
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"og:description": "Manufacturers’ histories and engineering approaches. Passenger aircraft and the Yak-130: specifications, range, engines, cabins and cockpits."
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"og:title": "Aircraft of the world — OnlyPlanes catalogue"
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> Index of every page on this site: [llms.txt](https://onlyplanes.ru/llms.txt)
Aircraft reference guide
# Aircraft of the worldAircraft of the world
Passenger aircraft from Airbus, Boeing and COMAC, Russian civil aircraft and the Yak-130 advanced trainer. Each model page covers specifications, history, engines, the cabin or cockpit, range, and passenger or crew capacity.
## Airbus
About the manufacturer: history and technology +
Airbus grew out of cooperation between European aircraft manufacturers. It develops families of passenger aircraft with a shared engineering approach, from narrow-body aircraft for frequent services to wide-body airliners for long-haul routes.
### History: European cooperation
Airbus Industrie was established in 1970. Its first major programme was the A300, a twin-engine wide-body airliner. The project brought together specialists and production sites across Europe, with final assembly in Toulouse. This way of working continued in later programmes: major aircraft sections are built at different factories and brought together on the assembly line.
The A320 opened up the high-volume single-aisle market for Airbus. The company then expanded its long-haul range: the A330, double-deck A380 and A350 offer different answers to the challenges of capacity, range and operating economics.
### Approach: shared principles, new technology
Cockpit commonality and shared handling principles across aircraft families became central to Airbus’s approach. The digital fly-by-wire system used on the A320 since 1988 transmits pilot commands through computers and helps keep the aircraft within its operating limits. Similar interfaces ease the transition between models, although training and qualifications remain type-specific.
Carbon-fibre composites make up a substantial part of the A350’s structure. Combined with modern aerodynamics and engines, they are intended to reduce weight, fuel consumption and certain maintenance requirements. For passengers, the approach brings together cabin space, acoustic comfort and long-haul capability.
[narrow-body passenger aircraft**Airbus A319**120–150 seats in a typical two-class layout; maximum 160 · up to 6,850 km (3,700 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a319) [narrow-body passenger aircraft**Airbus A320**150–180 seats in a typical two-class layout; maximum 194 · up to 6,300 km (3,400 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a320) [narrow-body passenger aircraft**Airbus A321**180–220 seats in a typical two-class layout; maximum 244 · up to 7,400 km (4,000 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a321) [long-haul wide-body aircraft**Airbus A330**250–290 seats in a typical three-class layout; maximum 440 · up to 11,750 km (6,350 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a330) [long-haul wide-body aircraft**Airbus A350**332–352 seats in a typical three-class layout; maximum 440 · up to 15,750 km (8,500 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a350) [double-deck wide-body aircraft**Airbus A380**555 seats in a typical three-class layout; certified maximum 853 · up to 14,800 km (8,000 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/airbus-a380)
## Boeing
About the manufacturer: history and technology +
Boeing is an American aircraft manufacturer whose history began with small seaplanes. Its passenger aircraft programmes span several eras, from the growth of mass jet travel to modern long-haul services between individual cities.
### History: from a workshop to large airliners
William Boeing founded Pacific Aero Products on 15 July 1916, shortly after the B & W seaplane made its first flight. The business was renamed Boeing Airplane Company in spring 1917. Military contracts and airmail shaped its early development; passenger transport later became one of its principal activities.
The 737, 747, 757, 767 and 777 families addressed different airline needs, from frequent short flights to carrying large numbers of passengers across oceans. These models provide a useful way to follow the company’s history: each combines size, range and network capabilities differently.
### Approach: route efficiency and comfort in flight
The 787 Dreamliner illustrates Boeing’s focus on long-haul economics. Composites account for around half the structural weight, complemented by modern engines, aerodynamics and electrical systems. The aircraft was designed for long routes where capacity matters alongside the ability to offer a direct service with a suitable passenger load.
Cabin features include large dimmable windows, higher humidity and cabin pressure, and a system that reduces the effects of turbulence. The 777 and 787 flight decks share features that ease crew transitions between types. These solutions are programme-specific: the 737 or the historic 747 may have substantially different equipment.
[narrow-body passenger aircraft**Boeing 737**162 seats in a two-class layout; maximum 189 · up to 5,765 km (3,115 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-737) [narrow-body passenger aircraft**Boeing 737 MAX**160–180 seats in a two-class layout; maximum 210 · up to 6,480 km (3,500 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-737-max) [four-engine wide-body aircraft**Boeing 747**410 seats in a typical three-class layout · up to 14,260 km (7,700 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-747) [medium-haul narrow-body aircraft**Boeing 757**200 seats in a typical two-class layout; maximum 239 · up to 7,222 km (3,900 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-757) [wide-body aircraft**Boeing 767**218 seats in a typical three-class layout; maximum 350 · up to 11,070 km (5,980 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-767) [long-haul wide-body aircraft**Boeing 777**396 seats in a typical two-class layout · up to 13,650 km (7,370 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-777) [long-haul wide-body aircraft**Boeing 787 Dreamliner**250–325 seats in a two-class layout · up to 15,370 km (8,300 nautical miles)**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/boeing-787)
## COMAC
About the manufacturer: history and technology +
Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, or COMAC, is a Chinese civil aircraft developer headquartered in Shanghai. Its range extends from regional jets to a wide-body project for international routes.
### History: building a domestic aircraft industry
COMAC was founded on 11 May 2008 to deliver China’s large passenger aircraft programmes. It brings together design, final assembly, flight testing and customer support. This structure develops not just an individual airliner but also the capabilities needed to manufacture it in series and support it in service.
The regional ARJ21 received the commercial designation C909 in November 2024. Together with the C919 and C929, it forms a consistent naming system across the brand. The sequence covers distinct aircraft classes: regional, mainline narrow-body and wide-body.
### Approach: an aircraft and its support network
COMAC links civil aviation development to safety, economy, comfort and reduced environmental impact. In practice, this means testing, working with operators, training and after-sales support. For an airline, a new type becomes useful when it can be operated and maintained reliably across its route network.
The C909 is designed for regional links and feeder services to major hubs; the C919 serves mainline routes with a single-aisle cabin. The C929 extends the range into wide-body aircraft and appears in this catalogue as a project. Its announced specifications should be considered separately from the operating experience of production C909s and C919s.
[regional passenger aircraft**COMAC C909**78–97 passengers · 2,225–3,700 km**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/comac-c909) [medium-haul narrow-body aircraft**COMAC C919**158–192 passengers · up to 5,555 km for the extended-range version**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/comac-c919) [long-haul wide-body aircraft project**COMAC C929**282–440 passengers · approximately 12,000 km**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/comac-c929)
## Russian aircraft
About the manufacturer: history and technology +
The Russian aircraft in this catalogue represent several design traditions. They are brought together by United Aircraft Corporation (UAC), established on 20 November 2006 to develop aircraft manufacturing businesses and coordinate aviation programmes. The corporation retains distinct brands and specialities.
### Yakovlev: regional and mainline aircraft
The Yakovlev design bureau traces its history to the AIR-1’s first flight on 12 May 1927. Its manufacturing heritage is linked to the Irkutsk Aviation Plant, founded in 1934. In 2023, Irkut Corporation adopted the Yakovlev name, bringing the historic design tradition and modern civil programmes under one brand.
The MC-21, Superjet and Yak-130 represent this branch of the catalogue. The MC-21 and SJ-100 address different passenger transport segments, while the Yak-130 trains military pilots. In its civil programmes, the company emphasises regional connectivity, modern manufacturing technologies, composite structures and in-service support.
### Tupolev: a tradition of large jet aircraft
The Tupolev tradition began with the commission for metal aircraft construction established under Andrei Tupolev on 22 October 1922. Work on all-metal structures laid the foundations for later civil and military programmes. In the passenger aircraft catalogue, this lineage is represented by the Tu-204 and Tu-214, related medium-haul aircraft whose variants and equipment need to be distinguished carefully.
### Ilyushin: long-haul routes and regional connections
The Ilyushin design tradition grew out of the Central Design Bureau established under Sergei Ilyushin on 13 January 1933. Its first civil aircraft was the Il-12, which flew in 1945. In the catalogue, the Il-96 represents long-haul wide-body aircraft and the Il-114 regional turboprops. These are different roles within a design tradition also known for transport aircraft.
[medium-haul narrow-body aircraft**MC-21**163 seats in a typical two-class layout; maximum 211 · up to 3,830 km with 175 passengers**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/ms-21) [regional passenger aircraft**Superjet 100**up to 103 passengers · up to 4,578 km**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/superjet-100) [regional passenger aircraft**SJ-100**up to 103 passengers · announced range: up to 4,320 km**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/sj-100) [medium-haul narrow-body aircraft**Tu-214**up to 210 passengers · 3,800 km with the maximum commercial payload of 25.2 tonnes**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/tu-214) [medium-haul narrow-body aircraft**Tu-204**up to 210 passengers · up to 4,300 km with commercial payload**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/tu-204) [four-engine wide-body aircraft**Il-96**up to 300 passengers · 8,400 km with maximum commercial payload**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/il-96) [regional turboprop aircraft**Il-114**64 seats in the standard layout; maximum 68 · 1,400 km with the maximum passenger load**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/il-114) [advanced jet trainer and light combat aircraft**Yak-130**crew of 2 · up to 1,600 km without external fuel tanks**](https://onlyplanes.ru/en/aircraft/yak-130)
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